Many port authorities lease terminal areas in long concession or lease contracts. The port authority provides maritime access, a suitable quay wall and the lessee is responsible for terminal operations and required terminal buildings and equipment. The terminal operator usually has free choice in how to organise transport to and from the terminal, but has to rely on available infrastructure outside the terminal area. In awarding concession to terminal operators by the port authority, the modal split for hinterland transport can be influenced through mandatory requirements. This avoid under-utilisation of environmentally preferred infrastructure or over-use or/and congestion of roads in urban areas.